Double-acting suction and force pump



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

A. J. HOPKINS. DOUBLE ACTING SUCTION AND FORGE PUMP. No. 450,461. Patented Apr. 14, 1891.

6N l 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. A. J. HOPKINS DOUBLE AGTING SUCTION AND FORGE PUMP. No. 450,461. Patented Apr. 14,1891.

UNITE STATES ATENT FFICE.

ANDREIV .I. HOPKINS, OF BEAVER FALLS, PENNSYLVANIA.

DOUBLE-ACTING SUCTION AND FORCE PUMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 450,461, dated April 14, 1891.

Application filed May 8, 1890. Serial No. 351,096. (No model.) I

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, ANDREW J. HOPKINS, of Beaver Falls, in the county of Beaver and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Double- Acting Suction and Force Pumps; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon,which form partof this specification.

This invention relates to certain improvements in pumps, and more particularly to certain improvements in double-acting combined suction and force pumps.

The object of the invention is to provide a simple, cheap, and durable pump composed of a minimum number of strong parts which shall be exceedingly reliable and efficient in action and wherein a single double-acting cylinder is employed, and also to improve and simplify certain details and parts of the pump. These objects are accomplished by and this invention consists in certain novel features of construction and in combinations of parts more fully described hereinafter, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a sectional perspective showing the pump in operative position in a well. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal central section of the water-forcing mechanism of the pump. Fig. 3 is a top plan of the upper head of the pump-cylinder. Fig. at is a bottom plan of said head. Fig. 5 is a detail perspective of the double rocking valve. Fig. 6 is a detail perspective of the hinged valve. Fig. 7 is a detail perspective of one of the bearing-plates for the pump-handle or operating-lever.

In the drawings, the reference-letter a indicates the suction-pipe, and b the discharge or outlet pipe, of the pump. The vertical cy1in-.

rod h, and formed to receive a packing-nut 1' to make a water and air tight joint for said rod. This piston-rod carries the piston which reciprocates in said main chamber or cylinder, and is composed of a pair of circular concentric metal plates 1 2, held on the reduced threaded end of the piston-rod by the clamping-nut 3, and two leather disks 4, clamped between the metal plates and having their edges turned up and down, respectively, over the edges of the metal plates and bearing snugly against the inner surface of the cylinder, so as to be forced against said surface by the pressure of the water and form a tight packing. The upper and lower heads f and 3', closing the ends of the cylinder, are bolted to flanges formed on the ends of the cylinder,

as clearly shown.

Between the boss for the piston-rod and its outer end the upper head f is provided with an upwardly-extending frog or bulge k, forming the inverted- U-shaped passage from the upper end of side conduit 6 into the upper end of the main chamber. The inner end of this upward bulge or frog is divided by or branches upon both sides of theboss 9, (see Fig. 3,) whereby a roomy water-channel and an enlarged segmental port Z into the main chamber are formed. (SeeFig. 4..) On its opposite side the upper head is provided with an outlet-port and socket on to receive the lower end of the discharge-pipe The lower head closes the lower end of side conduit d, and is provided with a central port 72 into the lower end of the main chamber, and is cast integral with a central downwardly-ta pered reservoir 0 beneath said port at, having alateral conduit 19 from its upperportiontothe lower end of side conduit 6. This reservoir at its lower open end forms a socket to snugly receive and hold the upper end of the suction-pipe. Immediately below this reservoir the suction-pipe is provided with a flap checkvalve q to prevent downward but admit upward flow of the water. The bottom of the main cylinder is provided with the flap-valve r, suitably fastened to the lower head and having its free end weighted to close the port a to assist in preventing downtlow of the water through said port, but allow upward flow of water into the cylinder.

The port Zis provided with a valve to allow inflow but prevent backflow through said port. This valve consists of the portion 5, stationarily secured to the under side of the upper head, and the hinged valve or wing 6, hinged to said stationary portion by hinges 7, so that said valve can swing up and close the port or swing down and open the same, and the swinging wing or valve consists of a metal plate faced on its upper side with leather, whereby the valve is made rigid and cannot be forced through the port. The valve is provided with a curved stop-pin 8, rigidly secured to the under side thereof, so as to engage the portion 5 and limit the downward swing of the valve and hold it in such position that it. can be easily swung closed.

At its lower end the main chamber is provided with a lateral discharge-port 9 into the lower end of the side conduit d. The upper end of conduit 01 terminates in an enlarged valve-chamber 10, formed on the side of the main cylinder. The upper open end of this chamber is covered by the upper head and is located directly beneath the lower open end of the outlet-pipe into which said chamber discharges. At its inner side this chamber is provided with the vertical valve-seat 11, having a discharge-port 12, from the upper end of the main chamber, and at its bottom with a valve-seat 13, inclined down toward the lower end of seat 11 and having a port 14 from the top of conduit d. In this chamber a V-shaped or acute-an gled rocking valve is located to control said two ports 12 and 14. This valve is composed of an integral piece of non-oxidizing netal, and consists of two flat leaves 15 16, diverging from a common center, forming an acute angle. The outer side of the junction of the leaves forming the angle or back of the valve is rounded and rests in a correspondingly-rounded depression at the corner of the valve-chamber at the lower ends of the two valve-seats to form a bearing on which said valve rocks, whereby the valve will always hold its position and rock easily. At the inner side of the junction of the leaves the two wings or leaves are strengthened by cross webs or ribs at each corner to prevent them being forced together by the pressure of the water. The leaf 15 is arranged to engage valve-seat 11 and close port 12, and when in this position the leaf 16 will be raised from seat 13 and open port 1et,which seatit is formed to fit and close the port thereof. These leaves are faced on their outer sides with leather to form tight joints with their respective valveseats, and the leaves at their outer ends are sufficientlynarrower tha n the ch amber to allow free flow of the water over them when raised from their seats, respectively. In putting the parts together this rocking valve is dropped into the valve-chamber and will immediately and of itself assume its correct location and position, and is therefore reversible, and is held in its chamber by the upper head. By reason of the inclined valve-seats and the angle V-shaped valve having the rounded back the valve is always held in a tilted position, so that the slightest pressure of water will rock and move it in one direction or the other. The cylinder is held a distance above the water by means of a standard 5, to which the cylinder is secured by suitable ears and bolts, and this standard extends up through and a distance above the cover of the well. The discharge-pipe extends up and is secured to the standard, and at its upper end is provided with a bent discharge end or crook, as shown in Fig. 1. The pump-rod a"is connected by reducing-socket a to the brass piston-rod. The pump-rod is suitably constructed and has a bifurcated head on its upper end, embracing and pivoted to the end of the handle or pump-lever t, which lever is provided with a pair of opposite bearing-lugs or trunnions.

Two metal bearing-plates or brackets u are secured on opposite sides of the upper end of the standard, the upper ends of the plates being formed strong and having shoulders resting on the top of the standard and provided with bearings U in their inner sides to receive said trunnions. Oil holes can be formed to said bearings 11. The plates are provided with lateral side flanges w to fit the sides of the standard. The plates are secured upon opposite sides of the upper end of the standard by bolts passed through the same, which prevent the brackets moving laterally or vertically. It will thus be seen that the handle is mounted above and plays over the top of the standard.

In operation,when the piston is forced down, the water below it closes valve r and is forced out through port 9 and up conduit 01 and will move the rocking valve, so that port- 12 will be closed and port 14 opened, (see Fig. 2,) and the water will pass through port 14, the valve-chamber, and out through the discharge-pipe. As the piston goes down a vacuum is formed above it, thereby opening valves q and G and filling reservoir 0 and drawing the water up through side conduits e and through port Z into the main chamber on top of the piston. When the piston is drawn up, the water above it will press up against and close valve 6 and will press out against the Wing 15 of the rocking valve, thereby rocking said valve to close port 14 and open port 12, whereby the water on the piston will be forced up through the port 12, the valve-chamber, and the discharge-pipe, and at the same time the valves 0" and q will be drawn open, and water from the reservoir 0 and suction-pipe will be drawn up beneath the piston and fill the main chamberin readiness to be forced out, as just described. It will thus be seen that the pump is doubleacting, and a continuous stream of water is.

kept flowing through the discharge-pipe. The piston is greatly assisted in its reciprocation by the pressure of waterin the main chamber above and'below it.

Great advantages are obtained by the employment of the peculiar hinged valve 6 by ICC IIC

reason of its quickness in operation and the slight degree of pressure required to operate it. An ordinaryleather flap-valve is too stiff and requires too much pressure for quick operation to accomplish the purpose of this valve 6.

The peculiar double V valve controlling the discharge of the water is a great improvement check-valve at the bottom of the cylinder,

and possesses many improvements over the old forms of valves, such as shown in my prior patents. The present valve is very quick and accurate in operation, and responds to the slightest pressure by reason of its peculiar shape and construction, which loosely holds it in the tilted position in readiness to rock. Furthermore, the valve is cheap and exceedingly strong and durable in construction.

. The reservoir 0 is an important feature, greatly increasing the efficiency of the pump. By reason of check-valve q this reservoir is always kept full of water, whereby an increased a'nd steady flow of water into the cylinder is obtained and the pump is always kept primed and ready for action, while otherwise the weight of the water in conduit 6 will press down under flap-valve a and raise said valve and let the water leak out of the pump when idle, necessitating priming from above before the pump will work. This always happens in this form of pump with only but by this addition of the auxiliary reservoir and its check-valve a supply of water is always kept in the pump, and the weight of water on valve q will hold it closed.

From the foregoing it will be readily seen that the pump can be easily and quickly adjusted to any desired length, can be quickly and cheaply made and placed upon the market at a low figure, and can be easily put into position by unskilled persons. All costly and 7 heavy parts have been dispensed with, and

when injured the pump can be quickly taken to pieces and repaired and as quickly put together again, as it is put together throughout with bolts and screws.

It is evident that various changes might be made in the form and arrangement of the parts described without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention. Hence I do not wish to limit myself tothe precise construction herein set forth.

Having thus fully described myinvention, what I. claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. In a pump, the double rocking valve consisting of two diverging leaves formed integral and forming an acute angle, with the outer side of the apex or back rounded to form a bearing-surface, the leaves at the lower inner corners being braced by crosswebs integral therewith and on their outer sides faced with leather or other material to form a tight joint, substantially as described.

2. In a pump, the combination of the main cylinder having the side conduits cast therein, the piston and its rod, and the upper head for said cylinder, and conduits having the central-bearing boss for the piston-rod, and

the upward enlargement or frog forming the U-shaped conduit connecting the main cylinder and conduit discharging into the upper end of said cylinder and having the branches at each side of said boss forming an enlarged conduit and segmental port, as set forth.

3. The combination of the main cylinder, its piston, the port opening into the upper end thereof, and the freely-swinging valve to close and open said port, located on the under side of the cylindrical head to swing up and close said port and having a stop-pin to limit its downward swing, substantially as described.

4. In combination, the main cylinder having the side conduits, the piston, a dischargepipe, the lower head for said cylinder having a reservoir formed on the under side thereof, a valved port thereinto from the cylinder, a lateral conduit therefrom to a side conduit, the suction-pipe into the bottom thereof, and a check-valvein the bottom of said reservoir, to prevent backflow from said reservoir, substantially as described.

5. In a pump, the valve-chamber having the upright seat having a port, the inclined seat forming an acute angle with said other seat and having a port, in combination with the V rocking valve loosely and removably resting in said chamber and composed of two diverging leaves formed integral and forming. an angle less than the angle formed by said seats, the outer edge of back of said valve being rounded and resting loosely at the junction of said seats and having the outer sides of its leaves faced to respectively close said ports, substantially as described.

6. In a pump, the valve-chamber having the two seats provided with ports and together forming an acute angle, the chamber being formed with a rounded depression at the junction of said seats, in combination with the V-valve formed integral of a less angle than said seats and composed of the two leaves faced on their outer sides and rounded at the outer side of the apex or back to loosely rest in said depression and allow the valve to freely rock and alternately close said ports, as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ANDREW J. HOPKINS. Witnesses:

O. E. DUFFY, O. M. XVERLE. 

